知識の少ない人が自分を過大評価し、知識の多い人が自分を過小評価する認知バイアスがある、というネットミーム

  • 実際のデータはここまでわかりやすい曲線にはなっていない
  • この概念が広く普及したのは納得感が高いからだろう

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  • Aの人が素朴な質問に見えるツイートをし、Bの人が「まさか本気で質問してるわけではあるまい」と調べてみて「なるほどそういうことか!」と新たな知識を得て喜んでるところに、しばらく遅れてCの人がやってきて自信満々で間違ったことを言う現象がある

    • @uchan_nos: C言語で10進数の0ってどう書くの?

  • 学んだことをテストする学び方をした場合、そうでない場合と比べて自信はないが成績は高いという現象が起こる

    • つまり学んだことをテストしない人は、テストする人よりもこの曲線の勾配が急になる

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Kruger, J., & Dunning, D. (1999). Unskilled and unaware of it: how difficulties in recognizing one’s own incompetence lead to inflated self-assessments. Journal of personality and social psychology, 77(6), 1121.

  • https://www.researchgate.net/publication/12688660_Unskilled_and_Unaware_of_It_How_Difficulties_in_Recognizing_One’s_Own_Incompetence_Lead_to_Inflated_Self-Assessments
  • Abstract

  • People tend to hold overly favorable views of their abilities in many social and intellectual domains. The authors suggest that this overestimation occurs, in part, because people who are unskilled in these domains suffer a dual burden: Not only do these people reach erroneous conclusions and make unfortunate choices, but their incompetence robs them of the metacognitive ability to realize it. Across 4 studies, the authors found that participants scoring in the bottom quartile on tests of humor, grammar, and logic grossly overestimated their test performance and ability. Although their test scores put them in the 12th percentile, they estimated themselves to be in the 62nd. Several analyses linked this miscalibration to deficits in metacognitive skill, or the capacity to distinguish accuracy from error. Paradoxically, improving the skills of participants, and thus increasing their metacognitive competence, helped them recognize the limitations of their abilities.

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  • いくつかの分野のテストのうち一番目立って凹んでるのがこれ

http://www.columbia.edu/~da358/publications/ames_kammrath_mindreading.pdf http://psycnet.apa.org/doiLanding?doi=10.1037%2F0022-3514.77.6.1121 http://www.talyarkoni.org/blog/2010/07/07/What-the-Dunning-Kruger-effect-Is-and-Isnt/

否定的な主張もある https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0160289620300271