Even though black and white may not have clear boundaries, an object may be clearly black.
- There is no clear boundary between black and white in the figure.
- B claims, “Y is gray, not sure if it’s white or black.”
- Even so, A’s claim that “X is black” can be valid.
This is due to a shaky definition of “clear”
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B says “black and white is clear” is “for any given x, I know if it’s white or black.”
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A claims, “For a particular X, I know whether it is white or black.”
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B has stricter conditions.
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Darwin Incident (involving the destruction of a political party, etc.) 2 p. 86, where Vegan argued for position A
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Do ants and cabbages feel pain? Isn’t it impossible to know with today’s science? In response to B’s assertion that
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He argued, “Even if we don’t know if an ant or a cabbage feels pain, we can clearly see that a cow does.”
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