https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ukna6wZg-8A Audrey Tang
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Introduction
- Hello everyone, and welcome to LibreCon. Iâm very happy to be here virtually to share with you some ideas of digital innovations in public service transformation. My name is Audrey Tang, and Iâm from Taiwan, where I serve as a Digital Minister. Taiwan is about seven hours ahead of Spain. We are an island of about twenty-three million people. Six months ago, we elected our new president, Dr. Tsai Ing-wen. I was very happy because I voted for her, although I did not know that I would eventually join her cabinet. Iâve been in the cabinet for about six weeks now.
- çãããããã«ã¡ã¯ãLibreConãžãããããç§ã¯ããã«ä»®æ³çã«åå ããŠãå ¬å ±ãµãŒãã¹ã®å€é©ã«ãããããžã¿ã«ã€ãããŒã·ã§ã³ã®ããã€ãã®ã¢ã€ãã¢ãå ±æããããšãéåžžã«å¬ããæããŸããç§ã®ååã¯ãªãŒããªãŒã»ã¿ã³ã§ãå°æ¹Ÿåºèº«ã§ããžã¿ã«å€§è£ãåããŠããŸããå°æ¹Ÿã¯ã¹ãã€ã³ããçŽ7æéé²ãã§ããŸããç§ãã¡ã¯çŽ2300äžäººã®äººã ãäœã島ã§ãã6ã¶æåã«ãç§ãã¡ã¯æ°ãã倧統é ãè¡è±æå士ãéžåºããŸããã圌女ã«æ祚ããã®ã§éåžžã«å¬ããã£ãã®ã§ããããã®åŸåœŒå¥³ã®å é£ã«åå ããããšã«ãªããšã¯æã£ãŠããŸããã§ãããç§ã¯ä»ãå é£ã«çŽ6é±éåšç±ããŠããŸãã
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I voted for her because we share some very similar values such as marriage equality, aboriginal rights, and a deep respect for ecology. Sheâs a progressive thinker and Iâm very happy to have this chance to serve in the public service. By the way, we both love animals. I live with seven cats and two dogs, and she lives with two cats and three dogs.
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ç§ã圌女ã«æ祚ããçç±ã¯ãç§ãã¡ãçµå©ã®å¹³çãå äœæ°ã®æš©å©ããããŠçæ ç³»ãžã®æ·±ãå°éãšãã£ãéåžžã«äŒŒã䟡å€èŠ³ãå ±æããŠããããã§ãã圌女ã¯é²æ©çãªæè家ã§ãå ¬å ±ãµãŒãã¹ã«å¥ä»ãããã®æ©äŒãæãŠãããšãéåžžã«å¬ããæã£ãŠããŸããã¡ãªã¿ã«ãç§ãã¡ã¯ã©ã¡ããåç©å¥œãã§ããç§ã¯7å¹ã®ç«ãš2å¹ã®ç¬ãšäžç·ã«æ®ãããŠããã圌女ã¯2å¹ã®ç«ãš3å¹ã®ç¬ãšäžç·ã«æ®ãããŠããŸãã
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During the transition time, I was an advisor to the previous cabinet on open data affairs. The previous cabinet was headed by the previous Premier, Dr. Simon Chang. The transition, which took four months, was completely peaceful. I think this is because Simon, a former Google engineer who belonged to no parties, mandated that all the public service systems built under 1 million euros must be made open source by default. This means that barring the exception of national security or privacy, every public service system must produce data that is under an open license and that can be read by free and open-source software. Just by this act alone, Taiwan has become the top place in the Global Open Data Knowledge Foundation index.
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Our current Premier, Su Tseng-chang, is also an independent and he has formed a cabinet that has more independent members, including me, than members of any party. This is why I often say that weâre now moving towards a post-party politics era. The two independent premiers did something very interesting during the transition. They agreed that all the ministries must upload all their checkpoint documents to the internet for the new cabinet to download. This means that this is not a transition between two parties but from one cabinet to the public and then to the next cabinet. This is the norm now in Taiwan. Independent politicians are considered normal. For example, our Taipei City Mayor, Dr. Ko Wen-je, who was a surgeon, is independent. Our Vice President, Dr. Chen Chien-jen, a master of epidemiology, is also independent. I think this politicalâŠ
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Sunflower movement
- The political climate changed much like in Spain because, in 2014, we had an Occupy movement where students occupied the national parliament. This was because the legislators at the time refused to deliberate a trade service agreement. The so-called Sunflower Movement was essentially a demonstration. It wasnât just for protesting, but demonstrating that when the legislature refused to debate something, there was a way for ordinary citizens, the occupiers, to deliberate on this issue together using deliberative technology. This technology was supported by hundreds of people who donated their skills and time.
- æ¿æ²»çãªæ°åã¯ã¹ãã€ã³ãšåæ§ã«å€åããŸããããªããªãã2014幎ã«ã¯ãåŠçãã¡ãåœäŒãå æ ãããªãã¥ãã€éåããããŸãããããã¯åœæã®ç«æ³è ãã¡ã貿æãµãŒãã¹åå®ã«ã€ããŠå¯©è°ãæåŠããããã§ããããããããã¯ãªéåã¯åºæ¬çã«ãã¢ã³ã¹ãã¬ãŒã·ã§ã³ã§ãããããã¯ãã æè°ããã ãã§ãªããç«æ³åºãäœããèšè«ããããšãæåŠãããšããäžè¬åžæ°ãå æ è ã察話çãªæè¡ã䜿ã£ãŠãã®åé¡ã«ã€ããŠå ±ã«å¯©è°ããæ¹æ³ã瀺ããã®ã§ããããã®æè¡ã¯ãã¹ãã«ãšæéãå¯ä»ããäœçŸäººãã®äººã ã«ãã£ãŠæ¯ããããŠããŸããã
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GovZero
- We were part of this GovZero movement, which called to âforkâ the government. What does this mean? It means that whenever we see a government website not to our liking, for example, the National Environmental Agency, instead of criticizing, we would build a parallel site that invites everyone to see exactly the same data but in an open format that allows for citizen participation. We did this for the national budget, the national dictionary, and many other government websites. The best thing about it is that you donât have to remember the website address because it exists exactly the same, except that âoâ is changed to a â0â.
- ç§ãã¡ã¯ãã®GovZeroéåã®äžéšã§ãããæ¿åºãããã©ãŒã¯ããããšããåŒã³ãããè¡ããŸãããããã¯äœãæå³ããã®ã§ããããïŒããã¯ãç§ãã¡ã奜ã¿ã«åããªãæ¿åºã®ãŠã§ããµã€ããèŠã€ãããšããäŸãã°åœç«ç°å¢åºã®ãããªå Žåãæ¹å€ããã®ã§ã¯ãªããç§ãã¡ã¯å šãŠã®äººããŸã£ããåãããŒã¿ãèŠãããšãã§ããåžæ°åå ãå¯èœã«ãããªãŒãã³ãªåœ¢åŒã§äžŠè¡ãããµã€ããäœããšããããšã§ããç§ãã¡ã¯ãããåœå®¶äºç®ãåœå®¶èŸæžããããŠä»ã®å€ãã®æ¿åºãŠã§ããµã€ãã«å¯ŸããŠè¡ããŸãããããã«ã€ããŠæãè¯ãããšã¯ããŠã§ããµã€ãã®ã¢ãã¬ã¹ãèŠããŠããå¿ èŠããªããšããããšã§ãããªããªããããã¯ãŸã£ããåãååšã§ãããâoâãâ0âã«å€ããã ãã ããã§ãã
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ãªããããªã«å€ãã®ã·ããã¯ããã«ãŒãããã®ãïŒ
- Why are there so many civic hackers in Taiwan? Why are there so many people who want to donate their time and skills for democracy? I think this is because in 1989, when the personal computer revolution was just starting, that was also the year that I learned programming. It was also the year that Taiwan moved from a dictatorship and enjoyed press freedom. So, we are a generation who learned computers and enjoyed the freedom of speech. Then again, in 1996, when we had our first presidential election, that was also the year of the web and of telecom privatization. This also guaranteed people basic access to the internet and made it much more available. So again, democracy and the internet grew together and fused into each other. I think, perhaps uniquely in the East Asian context, when we see the free software movement, and then later the open-source movement, and then the free culture movement, we see âfreeâ as âfreedomâ as something that enables and works with the freedom of speech. Itâs just incidentally free of charge.
- ãªãå°æ¹Ÿã«ã¯ãããªã«å€ãã®ã·ããã¯ããã«ãŒãããã®ã§ããããïŒãªããããªã«å€ãã®äººã ãæ°äž»äž»çŸ©ã®ããã«èªåã®æéãšã¹ãã«ãå¯ä»ããããã®ã§ããããïŒç§ã¯ããã¯1989幎ãããŒãœãã«ã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ã®é©åœãå§ãŸã£ããšãããããç§ãããã°ã©ãã³ã°ãåŠãã 幎ã§ãããããŸãå°æ¹Ÿãç¬è£ããè±ãå ±éã®èªç±ã享åãã幎ã§ããã£ãããã ãšæããŸããã ããç§ãã¡ã¯ãã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãåŠã³ãèšè«ã®èªç±ã享åããäžä»£ãªã®ã§ãããããŠåã³ã1996幎ãç§ãã¡ãåããŠã®å€§çµ±é éžæãè¡ã£ããšããããã¯ãŸããŠã§ããšéä¿¡ã®æ°å¶åã®å¹Žã§ããããŸãããããã¯ãŸãã人ã ã«åºæ¬çãªã€ã³ã¿ãŒããããžã®ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ãä¿èšŒãããããããå©çšå¯èœã«ããŸãããã ããåã³ãæ°äž»äž»çŸ©ãšã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããã¯å ±ã«æé·ããäºãã«èåããŸãããç§ã¯ãããããæ±ã¢ãžã¢ã®æèã§ç¬ç¹ã®ãããªãŒãœãããŠã§ã¢éåããã®åŸã®ãªãŒãã³ãœãŒã¹éåããããŠããªãŒã«ã«ãã£ãŒéåãèŠããšããç§ãã¡ã¯ãèªç±ãããèªç±ããšããŠèŠãŸããããã¯èšè«ã®èªç±ãšå ±ã«åãããããå¯èœã«ãããã®ã§ããããã¯ãã å¶ç¶ã«ç¡æãªã®ã§ãã
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ã¯ã©ãŠããœãŒã·ã³ã°ãåœå®¶ã®ã¢ãžã§ã³ããšããŠ
- Crowdsourcing as our National Agenda
- Because of the Occupy movement in 2014, by the end of that year, there were a lot of city-level elections, just like in Spain, where the occupiers or people who supported the occupiers became mayors, sometimes surprisingly. So now we needed to adapt the technologies that we used on the street, which listened to millions of people, and scale it further so that it could work with the public service. The Premier at the time, Simon Chang, said we now needed to work on crowdsourcing as our national agenda. What does crowdsourcing mean? It means that the private sector, the public sector, and civil society, instead of working at armâs length, itâs now possible for the public sector to say, âI actually have no idea how to solve this problemâ or âI have just an inkling of an idea, I donât have the details.â Instead of imposing on the public, the public sector would invite all the stakeholders in the private sector and civil society to join in agenda setting.
- 2014幎ã®ãªãã¥ãã€éåã®ããããã®å¹Žã®çµããã«ã¯ãã¹ãã€ã³ãšåæ§ã«ãå æ è ãå æ è ãæ¯æãã人ã ãåžé·ã«ãªããšããå€ãã®åžã¬ãã«ã®éžæããããŸããããã®ãããä»åºŠã¯ç§ãã¡ãè¡é ã§äœ¿ã£ãŠãããäœçŸäžäººãã®äººã ãèŽãæè¡ãããã«ã¹ã±ãŒã«ã¢ããããå ¬å ±ãµãŒãã¹ãšé£æºã§ããããã«ããå¿ èŠããããŸãããåœæã®éŠçžã匵åæ¿ã¯ãç§ãã¡ãã¯ã©ãŠããœãŒã·ã³ã°ãåœå®¶ã®ã¢ãžã§ã³ããšããŠåãçµãå¿ èŠããããšè¿°ã¹ãŸãããã¯ã©ãŠããœãŒã·ã³ã°ãšã¯äœãæå³ããã®ã§ããããïŒããã¯ãæ°ééšéãå ¬å ±éšéãåžæ°ç€ŸäŒããè ãçµãã§åãã®ã§ã¯ãªããå ¬å ±éšéããå®éã«ã¯ãã®åé¡ã解決ããæ¹æ³ãå šãããããªãããŸãã¯ãã¢ã€ãã¢ã®äžéšããæã£ãŠããªãã詳现ã¯ããããªãããšèšããããã«ãªããšããããšãæå³ããŸããå ¬å ±éšéãå ¬è¡ã«æŒãä»ããã®ã§ã¯ãªããå ¬å ±éšéã¯æ°ééšéãšåžæ°ç€ŸäŒã®ãã¹ãŠã®ã¹ããŒã¯ãã«ããŒãã¢ãžã§ã³ãèšå®ã«åå ããããã«æåŸ ããŸãã
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- Flu of the Mind
- Iâll take a very concrete example. I call this a âflu of the mind.â Itâs a virus of the mind called a meme, called the sharing economy. Just like a real biological virus, it has many different strains. Every practitioner of the so-called sharing economy gives it a very different definition and operation. One particular instance is called Uber. The Uber strain of the sharing economy says basically that the public transport system is too old, it is too inefficient, and they think that by introducing an algorithm that dispatches cars, they can work much more efficiently. That was the meme. Just like a meme, if a driver believes this and drives for Uber, regardless of whether itâs legal or not, it spreads. It spreads to other drivers and even if the driver, after driving for a while, found out maybe itâs not the best deal after all, still, the message has already spread. So when we talk about an Uber issue, we found out thereâs very little a national state can do about Uber because, well, itâs an app and it operates not in a physical office in Taiwan, so any legal action that we can do is found to be somewhat limited.
- éåžžã«å ·äœçãªäŸãåãäžããŠã¿ãŸããããç§ã¯ããããå¿ã®é¢šéªããšåŒãã§ããŸããããã¯å¿ã®ãŠã€ã«ã¹ãã¡ãŒã ãã·ã§ã¢ãªã³ã°ãšã³ãããŒãšåŒã°ãããã®ã§ããæ¬ç©ã®çç©åŠçãŠã€ã«ã¹ãšåæ§ã«ãããã«ã¯å€ãã®ç°ãªãæ ªããããŸããããããã·ã§ã¢ãªã³ã°ãšã³ãããŒã®å®è·µè ã¯ãããã«éåžžã«ç°ãªãå®çŸ©ãšæäœãäžããŸããäžã€ã®ç¹å®ã®äŸã¯UberãšåŒã°ããŸããUberã®ã·ã§ã¢ãªã³ã°ãšã³ãããŒã®æ ªã¯åºæ¬çã«ãå ¬å ±äº€éã·ã¹ãã ãå€ããããéå¹çããããšèšã£ãŠããã圌ãã¯è»ã掟é£ããã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ãå°å ¥ããããšã§ãããå¹ççã«åäœã§ãããšèããŠããŸãããããã¡ãŒã ã§ãããã¡ãŒã ã®ããã«ããã©ã€ããŒããããä¿¡ããŠUberã§é転ãããšããããåæ³ã§ãããã©ããã«é¢ããããããã¯åºãããŸããããã¯ä»ã®ãã©ã€ããŒã«åºããããããŠããšããã©ã€ããŒããã°ããé転ããåŸã§ããããæåã®ååŒã§ã¯ãªããããããªããšæ°ã¥ãããšããŠããã¡ãã»ãŒãžã¯ãã§ã«åºãã£ãŠããŸããã ããç§ãã¡ãUberã®åé¡ã«ã€ããŠè©±ããšããç§ãã¡ã¯åœå®¶ãUberã«ã€ããŠã§ããããšãéåžžã«å°ãªãããšãçºèŠããŸããããªããªããããã¯ã¢ããªã§ãããå°æ¹Ÿã®ç©ççãªãªãã£ã¹ã§ã¯ãªãéå¶ããŠããããã§ããã ããç§ãã¡ã¯ã§ããæ³çè¡åã¯ããªãéãããŠãããšå€æããŸããã
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決å®
- Decisions
- So we thought maybe the best idea is not to declare it as one way or the other. Maybe the best way is for people to deliberate, to think together, instead of arguing very loudly through media. What we thought is the way that links all the stakeholders together and listen to what each other has to say and hopefully come to a consensus. This is because deliberation, thinking deeply about something, is an inoculation against ideology. Itâs an inoculation against this kind of memes that just blind people to each otherâs feelings and new facts. A proper deliberation, as we established during the Sunflower Movement, has four different steps. The technologies that we need to employ differ from stage to stage. The first stage is what we call the objective stage or facts. In this stage, people are welcome to propose anything. We donât do a bad thing, we donât do any kind of polling, we just collect observable facts for all the stakeholders involved. Then we ask about peopleâs feelings. The same facts might elicit different feelings. I can feel happy, you can feel sad or angry. Thereâs really no right and wrong, but it is very important because on the subsequent stage, which is ideas, the best ideas are judged by whether they can take care of the most peopleâs feelings. Finally, after facts, feelings, and ideas, we move to decisions. Of course, the public sector, the minister, still has to bear the responsibility of decisions, but
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- ã ããããªãŒãã³ã¬ãã¡ã³ããè¡ãããã®ç§ãã¡ã®æåã®åªå äºé ã¯ããã¹ãŠã®ããŒã¿ãå ¬éããããšã§ããæ¿åºã ãã§ãªããå ¬å ±éšéã ãã§ãªããç§ãã¡ã®ããŒã¿ããŒã¿ã«ã§ã¯ãç§ãã¡ã¯æ°ééšéãšåžæ°ç€ŸäŒããã®äººã ã«ããŒã¿ãæäŸããããã«æåŸ ããŸãããããç§ãã¡ãè¡ã£ãããšã§ãããããŠäºã€ç®ã«ãç§ãã¡ã¯ãå ¬å ±éšéãæ°ééšéãåžæ°ç€ŸäŒããã®äººã ããããããã®èŠç¹ããåé¡ãå ±æãã解決çãææ¡ããããã®ãã©ãããã©ãŒã ãæäŸããããšã§ããããã«ãããç§ãã¡ã¯ãæ¿åºãå ¬å ±ã®å©çãæåªå ã«èããåžæ°ãæ¿ç決å®ããã»ã¹ã«åå ããããšãå¯èœã«ããããšãç®æããŠããŸãã
Feelings
- We need a scalable tool to collect peopleâs feelings either synchronously or asynchronously. In the case of Uber, over about three weeks of time, we used this open source free tool called Polis. In Polis, we basically share one sentiment that is shared by your fellow citizen. As you click yes or no, your avatar would move in this two-dimensional map that automatically clusters people who share different feelings, who share the same feelings. At the beginning, people were very polarized, they were in the corners. But because we say we only take as agenda anything that can convince a super majority of people, meaning all of the majority group plus half of the minority group, people compete to get more nuanced, much better ideas that would take care of the maximal peopleâs feelings. So on the feeling stage, basically what weâre saying is that we welcome peopleâs feelings that are also common feelings among other people. So we identify consensus among divisions.
- ææ
- ç§ãã¡ã¯ãåæçãŸãã¯éåæçã«äººã ã®ææ ãåéããããã®ã¹ã±ãŒã©ãã«ãªããŒã«ãå¿ èŠã§ããUberã®å ŽåãçŽ3é±éã®æéã§ãç§ãã¡ã¯ãã®ãªãŒãã³ãœãŒã¹ã®ç¡æããŒã«ã§ããPolisã䜿çšããŸãããPolisã§ã¯ãåºæ¬çã«ã¯ãããªãã®åèåžæ°ãå ±æããäžã€ã®ææ ãå ±æããŸããããªããã¯ããŸãã¯ããããã¯ãªãã¯ãããšãããªãã®ã¢ãã¿ãŒã¯ãç°ãªãææ ãå ±æãã人ã ãåãææ ãå ±æãã人ã ãèªåçã«ã¯ã©ã¹ã¿ãªã³ã°ãããã®äºæ¬¡å ãããäžã移åããŸããæåã¯ã人ã ã¯éåžžã«æ¥µç«¯ã§ã圌ãã¯è§ã«ããŸãããããããç§ãã¡ã¯ã¢ãžã§ã³ããšããŠåãäžãããã®ã¯ãããªãã¡ãå šäœã®å€æ°æŽŸã°ã«ãŒããšå°æ°æŽŸã°ã«ãŒãã®ååãçŽåŸãããããšãã§ãããã®ã ããšèšãã®ã§ã人ã ã¯æ倧éã®äººã ã®ææ ãèæ ®ã«å ¥ããããæŽç·Žããããããè¯ãã¢ã€ãã¢ãåŸãããã«ç«¶äºããŸããã ãããææ ã®ã¹ããŒãžã§ã¯ãåºæ¬çã«ç§ãã¡ã¯èšã£ãŠããŸããç§ãã¡ã¯ä»ã®äººã ãšãå ±éã®ææ ã§ãã人ã ã®ææ ãæè¿ããŸããã ãããç§ãã¡ã¯åè£ã®äžã®åæãç¹å®ããŸãã
Consultation
- By the end, we did get a bunch of consensus items that everybody, including Uber drivers and taxi drivers, can agree to. Then we would ratify it. But before ratification, we meet with all stakeholders at a time on a face-to-face live consultation. Because the facts and feeling stage are already collected, for this we deploy another set of technologies using live streaming, using chat room, using stenographer responses that basically collapse everybodyâs responses to the common feelings. All the stakeholders, once they promise something or they clarify something, itâs then kept not only through live stream but through a transcript for the entire country and for the world to see. So in this case, people speak with a lot of stability because they know thousands of people are watching. By the end of this consultation period, the Ministry of Transport takes the consensus items and ratifies it into our new taxi regulation.
- åè°
- æçµçã«ãç§ãã¡ã¯Uberã®ãã©ã€ããŒãã¿ã¯ã·ãŒã®ãã©ã€ããŒãå«ãå šå¡ãåæã§ããäžé£ã®åæé ç®ãåŸãŸããããããŠãç§ãã¡ã¯ãããæ¿èªããŸããããããæ¿èªããåã«ãç§ãã¡ã¯äžåºŠã«ãã¹ãŠã®ã¹ããŒã¯ãã«ããŒãšé¡ãåãããŠã©ã€ãåè°ãè¡ããŸããäºå®ãšææ ã®ã¹ããŒãžã¯ãã§ã«åéãããŠããã®ã§ããã®ããã«ç§ãã¡ã¯ã©ã€ãã¹ããªãŒãã³ã°ããã£ããã«ãŒã ãéèšè ã®åå¿ã䜿çšããå¥ã®äžé£ã®æè¡ãå±éããŸããããã¯åºæ¬çã«ããã¹ãŠã®ã¹ããŒã¯ãã«ããŒã®åå¿ãå ±éã®ææ ã«ãŸãšããŸãããã¹ãŠã®ã¹ããŒã¯ãã«ããŒãäœããçŽæããããäœããæ確ã«ããããããšãããã¯ã©ã€ãã¹ããªãŒã ã ãã§ãªããå šåœãšäžçãèŠãããã®æžãèµ·ãããéããŠä¿æãããŸããã ããããã®å Žåã人ã ã¯äœå人ãã®äººã ãèŠãŠããããšãç¥ã£ãŠããã®ã§ãéåžžã«å®å®ããŠè©±ããŸãããã®åè°æéã®çµããã«ã亀éçã¯åæé ç®ãåãäžãããããç§ãã¡ã®æ°ããã¿ã¯ã·ãŒèŠå¶ã«æ¿èªããŸãã
Regulation
- In the regulation, basically, we take the best parts that Uber has to offer, for example, the five-star rating system, the ability for people to ride share, a way for people to keep track of their past travels, and a way for the car not necessarily to be painted yellow. But then we put it into a way that we understand that will not negatively impact any other stakeholders groups. Because of this, other legitimate companies or coops, even locally, that want to operate as something like the taxi fleet can now compete on a fair basis, knowing that the popular will is behind it.
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- èŠå¶ã§ã¯ãåºæ¬çã«ãUberãæäŸããæè¯ã®éšåãäŸãã°5ã€æè©äŸ¡ã·ã¹ãã ãã©ã€ãã·ã§ã¢ã®èœåãéå»ã®æ è¡ã远跡ããæ¹æ³ãè»ãå¿ ãããé»è²ã«å¡ãããå¿ èŠã¯ãªããšããæ¹æ³ãåãå ¥ããŸãããããããããä»ã®ã¹ããŒã¯ãã«ããŒã°ã«ãŒãã«ãã¬ãã£ããªåœ±é¿ãäžããªãããã«ç解ããæ¹æ³ã«å ¥ããŸããããã«ãããä»ã®åæ³çãªäŒæ¥ãååçµåãå°å ã§ã¿ã¯ã·ãŒã®ããªãŒãã®ãããªãã®ãšããŠéå¶ããããšæã£ãŠããäŒæ¥ã¯ãä»ãå ¬çãªæå¿ããããæ¯æããŠããããšãç¥ã£ãŠãå ¬å¹³ãªåºæºã§ç«¶äºããããšãã§ããŸãã
Media Studio
- Of course, all these consultations are very hot topics for the media because there were a lot of projects, there were a lot of conflict. But there are many other important issues that need public consultation that may or may not get the same coverage in the media. Thatâs why, as soon as I became the Digital Minister, I started running my own media studio. For example, I have this âWhy Slackâ page at whyslack.com/AudreyTang that basically is an âAsk Me Anythingâ platform. People from the press, individuals, stakeholders, foreign journalists, anyone can ask any question here and I strive to answer within 24 hours. Every answer of mine is sent to thousands of subscribersâ email boxes. Through this kind of direct communication method, Iâm able to make transparent everything that I have participated in. For exampleâŠ
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- ãã¡ããããããã®åè°ã¯ã¡ãã£ã¢ã«ãšã£ãŠéåžžã«ããããªè©±é¡ã§ãå€ãã®ãããžã§ã¯ããå€ãã®å¯Ÿç«ããããŸãããããããå ¬è¡ã®åè°ãå¿ èŠãªä»ã®éèŠãªåé¡ãããããããã¯ã¡ãã£ã¢ã§åãã«ãã¬ããžãåŸããã©ããã¯äžç¢ºå®ã§ããã ãããç§ãããžã¿ã«å€§è£ã«ãªã£ããšããç§ã¯èªåã®ã¡ãã£ã¢ã¹ã¿ãžãªãéå¶ãå§ããŸãããäŸãã°ãç§ã¯ãã®âWhy SlackâããŒãžãwhyslack.com/AudreyTangã§æã£ãŠããŸããããã¯åºæ¬çã«ã¯âAsk Me Anythingâãã©ãããã©ãŒã ã§ãããã¬ã¹ã®äººã ãåã ã®äººã ãã¹ããŒã¯ãã«ããŒãå€åœã®ãžã£ãŒããªã¹ãã誰ã§ãããã§è³ªåãããããšãã§ããç§ã¯24æé以å ã«çããããšãåªããŸããç§ã®ãã¹ãŠã®åçã¯ãäœå人ãã®è³Œèªè ã®ã¡ãŒã«ããã¯ã¹ã«éãããŸãããã®ãããªçŽæ¥çãªã³ãã¥ãã±ãŒã·ã§ã³æ¹æ³ãéããŠãç§ã¯ç§ãåå ãããã¹ãŠã®ããšãéæã«ããããšãã§ããŸããäŸãã°âŠ
Transparency
- When the then Senior VP of Uber Strategy, David Plouffe, visited Taiwan, I did meet him, but under a 360 camera that records the entire conversation from the time he enters my door to the time he leaves my door. The entire video is published not only on the usual social media but also transcribed using the same transcription technology, which is called âSay Itâ, developed in my society in the UK. Every word that I say, every word that he says is covered and recorded, so there is minimal worry about a single stakeholder setting the agenda. Rather, I invited him to share his side of the story and facilitate communication with other stakeholders.
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- åœæã®UberæŠç¥ã®ã·ãã¢VPã§ãããã€ãããã»ãã«ãŒããå°æ¹Ÿã蚪ãããšããç§ã¯åœŒãšäŒããŸãããã圌ãç§ã®ãã¢ãå ¥ãç¬éããåºããŸã§ã®å šãŠã®äŒè©±ãèšé²ãã360床ã«ã¡ã©ã®äžã§è¡ããŸãããå šãŠã®ãããªã¯éåžžã®ãœãŒã·ã£ã«ã¡ãã£ã¢ã ãã§ãªããè±åœã®ç§ã®ç€ŸäŒã§éçºãããåãæžãèµ·ããæè¡ãâSay Itâã䜿ã£ãŠæžãèµ·ããããå ¬éãããŸããç§ãèšã£ãå šãŠã®èšèã圌ãèšã£ãå šãŠã®èšèã¯ã«ããŒãããèšé²ãããã®ã§ãåäžã®ã¹ããŒã¯ãã«ããŒãã¢ãžã§ã³ããèšå®ããããšã«ã€ããŠã®æå°éã®å¿é ããããŸããããããç§ã¯åœŒã«åœŒã®è©±ãå ±æããä»ã®ã¹ããŒã¯ãã«ããŒãšã®ã³ãã¥ãã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãä¿é²ããããã«æåŸ ããŸããã
Integration
- In addition to the data portals that we already have, in addition to the portals that allow everyone to share their raw material, what we need to work on next is integration. There are very few people with the ability to engage all the different sources that come from the private, public, and civil society. If all our data systems can publish using a well-known compatible API format, particularly the Open API specification, it becomes much easier to integrate it into investigative journalism, chatbots, virtual reality, or any devices that we make.
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- ãã§ã«æã£ãŠããããŒã¿ããŒã¿ã«ã«å ããŠãå šå¡ãèªåã®åææãå ±æã§ããããŒã¿ã«ã«å ããŠã次ã«åãçµãå¿ èŠãããã®ã¯çµ±åã§ããæ°éãå ¬å ±ãåžæ°ç€ŸäŒããæ¥ãããŸããŸãªãœãŒã¹ããã¹ãŠåãæ±ãèœåãæã€äººã¯ã»ãšãã©ããŸããããããããã¹ãŠã®ããŒã¿ã·ã¹ãã ãäºææ§ã®ããAPI圢åŒãç¹ã«Open APIä»æ§ã䜿çšããŠå ¬éã§ãããªããããã調æ»ãžã£ãŒããªãºã ããã£ããããããããŒãã£ã«ãªã¢ã«ãã£ããŸãã¯ç§ãã¡ãäœãä»»æã®ããã€ã¹ã«çµ±åããããšãã¯ããã«ç°¡åã«ãªããŸãã
Procurement Laws
- As the Digital Minister, I also proposed a change to our procurement laws so that all the public systems paid by taxpayer money are constructed with a machine-readable version of itself. The human-readable version may be just a shell, a front end to the backend API. Once the API is made open, independent ministries and units can connect their services together. A connection does not need to be made as one, but rather, others can do this kind of integration.
- 調éæ³
- ããžã¿ã«å€§è£ãšããŠãç§ã¯ãŸããçŽçšè ã®ãéã§æ¯æããããã¹ãŠã®å ¬å ±ã·ã¹ãã ããã®èªèº«ã®æ©æ¢°å¯èªããŒãžã§ã³ãæã€ããã«æ§ç¯ãããã¹ãã§ãããšãã調éæ³ã®å€æŽãææ¡ããŸããã人éãèªãããŒãžã§ã³ã¯ãããã¯ãšã³ãAPIãžã®ããã³ããšã³ããšããŠã®ã·ã§ã«ãããããŸãããAPIããªãŒãã³ã«ããããšãç¬ç«ããçåºããŠãããã¯èªåãã¡ã®ãµãŒãã¹ãäžç·ã«æ¥ç¶ããããšãã§ããŸããæ¥ç¶ã¯äžã€ãšããŠäœãããå¿ èŠã¯ãªããããããä»ã®äººã ããã®çš®ã®çµ±åãè¡ãããšãã§ããŸãã
Tools
- To determine the roadmap, we use a lot of offline tools such as business origami. Our team meets every week to decide on the roadmap. We run our daily Kanban board using post-it notes. But because our team is now about 15 people, we have two locations and itâs no longer practical to use the same physical board every day. Thatâs why we also use the Wekan system, which is an open-source system that enables this kind of Kanban integration to drag every card from waiting to doing to finished. Wekan is just one of the many tools that we offer.
- Weâre still working with the Sandstorm team. Sandstorm is a collection of independent, open-source API, open-source application, open-source web-based projects. This includes file-sharing Davros, EtherCalc, EtherPad, a collaborative note-taking documentation, and Wekan Kanban board. All this is built on inside the government in the government cloud. This means that all the ministries and even people in the regional government can share each otherâs collaborative documents very easily and deploy new applications as easily as installing an app on your phone. This kind of space isâŠ
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- ç§ãã¡ã¯ãŸã SandstormããŒã ãšäžç·ã«ä»äºãããŠããŸããSandstormã¯ãç¬ç«ãããªãŒãã³ãœãŒã¹APIããªãŒãã³ãœãŒã¹ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ããªãŒãã³ãœãŒã¹ã®ãŠã§ãããŒã¹ã®ãããžã§ã¯ãã®ã³ã¬ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã§ããããã«ã¯ããã¡ã€ã«å ±æã®DavrosãEtherCalcãEtherPadïŒå ±åããŒãäœæææžïŒãWekanã«ã³ãã³ããŒããªã©ãå«ãŸããŸãããããå šãŠã¯ãæ¿åºå éšã®æ¿åºã¯ã©ãŠãäžã§æ§ç¯ãããŠããŸããããã¯ããã¹ãŠã®çåºãããã«ã¯å°åæ¿åºã®äººã ããäºãã®å ±åææžãéåžžã«ç°¡åã«å ±æããæ°ããã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãã¹ããŒããã©ã³ã«ã¢ããªãã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«ããã®ãšåããããç°¡åã«ãããã€ã§ããããšãæå³ããŸãããã®çš®ã®ã¹ããŒã¹ã¯âŠ
Public Digital Innovation
- What we call the public digital innovation space is an internal startup inside the national government. Our work is based on this very simple idea: maybe voting is just the beginning of democracy. Everybody can vote. On the other hand, in Occupy, a few people can dedicate a lot of time to do agenda setting by occupying the Parliament. But we cannot just have democracy with these two methods. It is too fluctuating, too unpredictable. The way we work is by having an open data, open API platform so that everybody can share freely and do analysis using the data thatâs produced by public systems. Every time people have a petition or a question, the public servants have a way to systematically answer it within a given time frame.
- This is the beginning. Then, these people need to learn to discuss with each other. This takes trust and trust takes time. Eventually, people will learn to listen. Once people can learn to listen to each other, then we can make new cases, more nuanced regulations that take care of every stakeholderâs interests. This is how we crowdsource agenda-setting eventually. We understand that at each time, the people with the ability to participate get gradually fewer and fewer, but it is okay. As long as people form a ladder of learning and share the technology, share the process in the Commons, anyone who wants to learn more can connect with people higher up in the ladder.
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- ãããå§ãŸãã§ãããã®åŸããããã®äººã ã¯äºãã«è°è«ããæ¹æ³ãåŠã¶å¿ èŠããããŸããããã«ã¯ä¿¡é Œãå¿ èŠã§ãä¿¡é Œã¯æéãå¿ èŠãšããŸããæçµçã«ã人ã ã¯èãããšãåŠã³ãŸãã人ã ãäºãã«èãããšãåŠã¹ã°ãç§ãã¡ã¯æ°ããã±ãŒã¹ãäœãåºãããã¹ãŠã®ã¹ããŒã¯ãã«ããŒã®å©çãèæ ®ããããç¹çŽ°ãªèŠå¶ãäœãããšãã§ããŸãããããæçµçã«ã¢ãžã§ã³ãèšå®ãã¯ã©ãŠããœãŒã·ã³ã°ããæ¹æ³ã§ããç§ãã¡ã¯ç解ããŠããŸããããããã®æéã«ãåå ããèœåãæã€äººã ã¯åŸã ã«å°ãªããªã£ãŠãããããããããã¯å€§äžå€«ã§ãã人ã ãåŠç¿ã®ã¯ããã圢æããæè¡ãå ±æããã³ã¢ã³ãºã®ããã»ã¹ãå ±æããéãããã£ãšåŠã³ãããšæã人ã¯èª°ã§ããã¯ããã®äžã®äººã ãšã€ãªããããšãã§ããŸãã
Singularity
- Conflicts can often be resolved by introducing a time dimension. This is mathematically called resolving singularity. We listen to one sideâs ideas, document them fully, and make the interim consensus publicly available. Then we ask for more feelings and ideas from the other stakeholders, and so on. Like a spiral, this will eventually converge into something that has much more consensus from society.
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Conclusion
- To conclude my talk, I would like to quote from Dr. Tsai Ing-wenâs inauguration speech. She said, âBefore, democracy was a clash between two opposing values, but now democracy must be a conversation, a dialogue between many different values. We need to build a unified democracy that is not hijacked by ideologies. We need to build a pragmatic democracy that can respond timely to the needs of the private sector and the civil society. Finally, we need to build a democracy that lets people take care of each other and each otherâs feelings. We do this just by listening, and all the technologies, all the open technologies, are there to help us to listen to each other at scale. So just keep listening to each other. Thank you for listening.â
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