A survey conducted in Japan and India asked the question, “What is innovation?” in both Japan and India, 22.5% in Japan thought it was about technology, while 25.8% in India thought it was about creating added value.

As for how to create strengths, while R&D and flexible organizational systems were associated with Japan, strengthening personal creativity was associated with India.

Also, in order to survive, it is considered important to have Technical Strengths in Japan, whereas in India, training in the daily PDCA cycle is considered necessary.

Manabu Sawaguchi (2018) “A study on the possibility of international collaboration from the perspective of manufacturing in Japan and India.” Proc. of ISPIM Connects Fukuoka


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