While “rent” in economics is generally used to describe the right to use a particular resource, especially land or real estate, the concept is much broader and can refer to certain types of excess earnings or excess profits.
There are two main types of lento concepts:
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Economic Rent: Economic rent is the excess of revenues over revenues obtained from the next best use of the resource.
- In other words, it is the difference between the revenue that a resource brings in and the revenue that could be obtained if that resource were used for other possible activities.
- Economic rents arise in situations that differ from perfect competition in the marketplace, for example, exclusive rights such as patents and copyrights, or situations based on specific skills or abilities.
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Rickardian rent: This term comes from the 19th century British economist David Rickard and refers to the revenue generated by differences in the productive capacity of land and other non-renewable natural resources.
- Ricardian rents represent the excess profit generated by more productive land over the profit of the least productive land (i.e., land that is still profitable but not as productive as other land).
- https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/デヴィッド%E3%83%BBリカード
These concepts of rents play an important role in understanding the economy as a whole, including the workings of markets, the allocation of resources, and even the role of taxes in policy enactment.
Advantages - Efficient resource allocation : - The presence of rents indicates that resources will be allocated to their most valuable uses. - For example, if the land is best suited for agricultural uses, the rents (i.e., the revenue derived from the use of the land) will be higher than for other uses (e.g., residential or commercial uses). - This gives the owner an incentive to put the land to its most valuable use.
- Fostering Innovation and Competition:.
- Economic rents generated through temporary monopolies such as patents and copyrights encourage the development of new products and services.
- These exclusivity rights provide an opportunity for developers to recoup their development costs and earn profits.
demerit
- inequality :
- When rents exist, some individuals and firms benefit more than others.
- This can be due to ownership of resources, specific skills or abilities, or privileges granted by the government (e.g., patents and copyrights).
- Is it “unequal” to depend on “skills and abilities?”
- This can result in economic inequality.
- Rent-seeking Action:.
- The act of rent-seeking (rent-seeking) can be inefficient from the perspective of society as a whole.
- For example, when a company seeks to obtain a monopoly position through certain laws or regulations, this may limit competition, narrow consumer choice, and increase prices.
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