• It is not intelligence that creates new things risk-taking.

    • Nature has created a wide variety of shapes and systems through random mutations.
      • No intelligence is involved here.
      • There is a risk of dying by random mutation.
    • Intelligence can only be involved in the a posteriori selection and resource allocation of randomly generated items.
  • Random mutations of nature, of course, carry the risk that the individual will die.

    • Dying is a process of natural selection
  • The mutation process, especially without scope, is very time consuming.

  • Intelligence can contribute to search efficiency by narrowing the scope of search, preliminarily

    • However, this limitation on the scope of exploration often squelches the seeds for new ones to emerge.
    • Difficult trade-off.
  • And by the way, nature isn’t blindly making random mutations either.


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